http://rmp.aps.org/ Recent articles in Reviews of Modern Physics en-us Copyright (c) 2008 The American Physical Society 2008-05-09T14:15:40-04:00 assocpub@aps.org rss@aps.org hourly 4 2008-05-09T14:15:40-04:00 rss@aps.org http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.517 Author(s): Luigi Amico, Rosario Fazio, Andreas Osterloh, and Vlatko Vedral<br/>Recent interest in aspects common to quantum information and condensed matter has prompted a flurry of activity at the border of these disciplines that were far distant until a few years ago. Numerous interesting questions have been addressed so far. Here an important part of this field, the propert...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 517] Published Tue May 06, 2008 Luigi Amico, Rosario Fazio, Andreas Osterloh, and Vlatko Vedral 2008-05-06T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.517 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 517 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 2 2008-05-06T00:00:00-04:00 517 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.481 Author(s): Frank T. Avignone, Steven R. Elliott, and Jonathan Engel<br/>The theoretical and experimental issues relevant to neutrinoless double beta decay are reviewed. The impact that a direct observation of this exotic process would have on elementary particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and cosmology is profound. Now that neutrinos are known to have mass ...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 481] Published Wed Apr 09, 2008 Frank T. Avignone, Steven R. Elliott, and Jonathan Engel 2008-04-09T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.481 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 481 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 2 2008-04-09T00:00:00-04:00 481 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.451 Author(s): E. Gargioni and B. Grosswendt<br/>The demand for coherent scattering data for modeling electron transport in matter has increased in recent years. While much effort has been devoted to the improvement of models describing electron transport and scattering, the updating of fundamental data sets on the basis of recent experimental res...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 451] Published Wed Apr 02, 2008 E. Gargioni and B. Grosswendt 2008-04-02T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.451 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 451 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 2 2008-04-02T00:00:00-04:00 451 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.395 Author(s): Ralf Bulla, Theo A. Costi, and Thomas Pruschke<br/>In the early 1970s, Wilson developed the concept of a fully nonperturbative renormalization group transformation. When applied to the Kondo problem, this numerical renormalization group (NRG) method gave for the first time the full crossover from the high-temperature phase of a free spin to the low-...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 395] Published Wed Apr 02, 2008 Ralf Bulla, Theo A. Costi, and Thomas Pruschke 2008-04-02T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.395 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 395 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 2 2008-04-02T00:00:00-04:00 395 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.379 Author(s): R. Shankar<br/>Quantum dots pose a problem where one must confront three obstacles: randomness, interactions, and finite size. Yet it is this confluence that allows one to make some theoretical advances by invoking three theoretical tools: random matrix theory, the renormalization group, and the 1∕N expansion. H...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 379] Published Tue Apr 01, 2008 R. Shankar 2008-04-01T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.379 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 379 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 2 2008-04-01T00:00:00-04:00 379 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.315 Author(s): M. I. Katsnelson, V. Yu. Irkhin, L. Chioncel, A. I. Lichtenstein, and R. A. de Groot<br/>A review of new developments in theoretical and experimental electronic-structure investigations of half-metallic ferromagnets (HMFs) is presented. Being semiconductors for one spin projection and metals for another, these substances are promising magnetic materials for applications in spintronics (...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 315] Published Tue Apr 01, 2008 M. I. Katsnelson, V. Yu. Irkhin, L. Chioncel, A. I. Lichtenstein, and R. A. de Groot 2008-04-01T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.315 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 315 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 2 2008-04-01T00:00:00-04:00 315 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.249 Author(s): Dževad Belkić, Ivan Mančev, and Jocelyn Hanssen<br/>The progress in solving problems involving nonrelativistic fast ion (atom)-atom collisions with two actively participating electrons is reviewed. Such processes involve, e.g., (i) scattering between a bare nucleus (projectile) P of charge Z_{P} and a heliumlike atomic system consisting of two electr...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 249] Published Fri Jan 04, 2008 Dževad Belkić, Ivan Mančev, and Jocelyn Hanssen 2008-01-04T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.249 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 249 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-04T00:00:00-05:00 249 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.61 Author(s): M. Kleman and J. Friedel<br/>Disclinations were first observed in mesomorphic phases. They were later found relevant to a number of ill-ordered condensed-matter media involving continuous symmetries or frustrated order. Disclinations also appear in polycrystals at the edges of grain boundaries; but they are of limited interest ...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 61] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 M. Kleman and J. Friedel 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.61 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 61 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 61 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.3 Author(s): Stephan Kümmel and Leeor Kronik<br/>This review provides a perspective on the use of orbital-dependent functionals, which is currently considered one of the most promising avenues in modern density-functional theory. The focus here is on four major themes: the motivation for orbital-dependent functionals in terms of limitations of sem...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 3] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Stephan Kümmel and Leeor Kronik 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.3 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 3 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 3 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.225 Author(s): Itamar Procaccia, Victor S. L’vov, and Roberto Benzi<br/>The flow of fluids in channels, pipes, or ducts, as in any other wall-bounded flow (like water along the hulls of ships or air on airplanes) is hindered by a drag, which increases manyfold when the fluid flow turns from laminar to turbulent. A major technological problem is how to reduce this drag i...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 225] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Itamar Procaccia, Victor S. L’vov, and Roberto Benzi 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.225 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 225 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 225 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.189 Author(s): Omar Benhar, Donal Day, and Ingo Sick<br/>This paper presents a review on the field of inclusive quasielastic electron-nucleus scattering. It discusses the approach used to measure the data and includes a compilation of data available in numerical form. The theoretical approaches used to interpret the data are presented. A number of results...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 189] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Omar Benhar, Donal Day, and Ingo Sick 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.189 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 189 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 189 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.167 Author(s): Michael Kastner<br/>Equilibrium phase transitions may be defined as nonanalytic points of thermodynamic functions, e.g., of the canonical free energy. Given a certain physical system, it is of interest to understand which properties of the system account for the presence, or the absence, of a phase transition, and an i...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 167] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Michael Kastner 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.167 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 167 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 167 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.141 Author(s): Michael Zwolak and Massimiliano Di Ventra<br/>With the continued improvement of sequencing technologies, the prospect of genome-based medicine is now at the forefront of scientific research. To realize this potential, however, a revolutionary sequencing method is needed for the cost-effective and rapid interrogation of individual genomes. This ...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 141] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Michael Zwolak and Massimiliano Di Ventra 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.141 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 141 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 141 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.117 Author(s): Carsten Winterfeldt, Christian Spielmann, and Gustav Gerber<br/>High-harmonic generation provides an attractive light source of coherent radiation in the extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) and soft-x-ray regions of the spectrum and allows for the production of single attosecond pulses or pulse trains. This Colloquium covers the control of high-harmonic spectra by tempora...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 117] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Carsten Winterfeldt, Christian Spielmann, and Gustav Gerber 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.117 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 117 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 117 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.1 Author(s): Gene D. Sprouse<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 1] Published Wed Jan 02, 2008 Gene D. Sprouse 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.1 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 1 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 80 1 2008-01-02T00:00:00-05:00 1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1455 Author(s): R. Hanson, L. P. Kouwenhoven, J. R. Petta, S. Tarucha, and L. M. Vandersypen<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1455] Published Wed Nov 21, 2007 R. Hanson, L. P. Kouwenhoven, J. R. Petta, S. Tarucha, and L. M. Vandersypen 2007-11-21T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1455 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1455 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-11-21T00:00:00-05:00 1455 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1381 Author(s): L. W. Bruch, R. D. Diehl, and J. A. Venables<br/>This review describes progress in the field of physisorption. Significant advances in the knowledge of microscopic structures and interactions of weakly bound adsorbates are reviewed, including the first studies for the adsorption sites of rare gases on flat metal surfaces and at surface steps, the ...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1381] Published Wed Nov 21, 2007 L. W. Bruch, R. D. Diehl, and J. A. Venables 2007-11-21T00:00:00-05:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1381 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1381 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-11-21T00:00:00-05:00 1381 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1349 Author(s): George F. Smoot<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1349] Published Fri Nov 02, 2007 George F. Smoot 2007-11-02T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1349 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1349 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-11-02T00:00:00-04:00 1349 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1331 Author(s): John C. Mather<br/>NASA’s Cosmic Background Explorer satellite mission, the COBE, laid the foundations for modern cosmology by measuring the spectrum and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation and discovering the cosmic infrared background radiation. I describe the history of the COBE project, its s...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1331] Published Fri Nov 02, 2007 John C. Mather 2007-11-02T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1331 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1331 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-11-02T00:00:00-04:00 1331 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1291 Author(s): A. I. Volokitin and B. N. Persson<br/>All material bodies are surrounded by a fluctuating electromagnetic field because of the thermal and quantum fluctuations of the current density inside them. Close to the surface of planar sources (when the distance d⪡λ_{T} =cℏ∕k_{B} T ), thermal radiation can be spatially and temporally cohe...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1291] Published Wed Oct 24, 2007 A. I. Volokitin and B. N. Persson 2007-10-24T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1291 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1291 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-10-24T00:00:00-04:00 1291 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1267 Author(s): F. J. García de Abajo<br/>This Colloquium analyzes the interaction of light with two-dimensional periodic arrays of particles and holes. The enhanced optical transmission observed in the latter and the presence of surface modes in patterned metal surfaces is thoroughly discussed. A review of the most significant discoveries ...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1267] Published Wed Oct 10, 2007 F. J. García de Abajo 2007-10-10T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1267 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1267 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-10-10T00:00:00-04:00 1267 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1217 Author(s): R. Hanson, L. P. Kouwenhoven, J. R. Petta, S. Tarucha, and L. M. Vandersypen<br/>The canonical example of a quantum-mechanical two-level system is spin. The simplest picture of spin is a magnetic moment pointing up or down. The full quantum properties of spin become apparent in phenomena such as superpositions of spin states, entanglement among spins, and quantum measurements. M...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1217] Published Mon Oct 01, 2007 R. Hanson, L. P. Kouwenhoven, J. R. Petta, S. Tarucha, and L. M. Vandersypen 2007-10-01T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1217 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1217 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-10-01T00:00:00-04:00 1217 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1197 Author(s): Robert N. Pfeifer, Timo A. Nieminen, Norman R. Heckenberg<?xpp breakau?>, and Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop<br/>Almost 100years ago, two different expressions were proposed for the energy-momentum tensor of an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric. Minkowski’s tensor predicted an increase in the linear momentum of the wave on entering a dielectric medium, whereas Abraham’s tensor predicted its decrease. Th...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1197] Published Mon Oct 01, 2007 Robert N. Pfeifer, Timo A. Nieminen, Norman R. Heckenberg<?xpp breakau?>, and Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop 2007-10-01T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1197 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1197 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-10-01T00:00:00-04:00 1197 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1139 Author(s): M. Shifman and A. Yung<br/>In the past ten years it has become clear that methods and techniques based on supersymmetry provide deep insights into quantum chromodynamics and other nonsupersymmetric gauge theories at strong coupling. This review summarizes major advances in critical (Bogomol’nyi-Prasad- Sommerfield–saturat...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1139] Published Mon Oct 01, 2007 M. Shifman and A. Yung 2007-10-01T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1139 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1139 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 4 2007-10-01T00:00:00-04:00 1139 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1077 Author(s): Denis S. Grebenkov<br/>Restricted diffusion is a common feature of many physicochemical, biological, and industrial processes. Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques are often used to survey the atomic or molecular motion in confining media by applying inhomogeneous magnetic fields to encode the trajectories of spin-bearin...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1077] Published Fri Aug 17, 2007 Denis S. Grebenkov 2007-08-17T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1077 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1077 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 3 2007-08-17T00:00:00-04:00 1077 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1015 Author(s): Hilbert v. Löhneysen, Achim Rosch, Matthias Vojta, and Peter Wölfle<br/>This review discusses instabilities of the Fermi-liquid state of conduction electrons in metals with particular emphasis on magnetic quantum critical points. Both existing theoretical concepts and experimental data on selected materials are presented; with the aim of assessing the validity of presen...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1015] Published Fri Aug 17, 2007 Hilbert v. Löhneysen, Achim Rosch, Matthias Vojta, and Peter Wölfle 2007-08-17T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1015 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1015 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 3 2007-08-17T00:00:00-04:00 1015 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.997 Author(s): T. Papenbrock and H. A. Weidenmüller<br/>Chaos occurs in quantum systems if the statistical properties of the eigenvalue spectrum coincide with predictions of random-matrix theory. Chaos is a typical feature of atomic nuclei and other self-bound Fermi systems. How can the existence of chaos be reconciled with the known dynamical features o...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 997] Published Wed Aug 08, 2007 T. Papenbrock and H. A. Weidenmüller 2007-08-08T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.997 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 997 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 3 2007-08-08T00:00:00-04:00 997 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.943 Author(s): Alexei A. Kornyshev, Dominic J. Lee, Sergey Leikin, and Aaron Wynveen<br/>Helices are essential building blocks of living organisms, be they molecular fragments of proteins ( α -helices), macromolecules (DNA and collagen), or multimolecular assemblies (microtubules and viruses). Their interactions are involved in packing of meters of genetic material within cells and pha...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 943] Published Mon Aug 06, 2007 Alexei A. Kornyshev, Dominic J. Lee, Sergey Leikin, and Aaron Wynveen 2007-08-06T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.943 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 943 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 3 2007-08-06T00:00:00-04:00 943 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.929 Author(s): H. Batelaan<br/>The observation of the Kapitza-Dirac effect raises conceptual, theoretical, and experimental questions. The Kapitza-Dirac effect is often described as diffraction of free electrons from a standing wave of light or stimulated Compton scattering. However, for the two-color Kapitza-Dirac effect these t...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 929] Published Fri Jul 13, 2007 H. Batelaan 2007-07-13T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.929 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 929 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 3 2007-07-13T00:00:00-04:00 929 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.883 Author(s): John Veysey and Nigel Goldenfeld<br/>The seemingly simple problem of determining the drag on a body moving through a very viscous fluid has, for over 150 years, been a source of theoretical confusion, mathematical paradoxes, and experimental artifacts, primarily arising from the complex boundary layer structure of the flow near the bod...<br/>[Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 883] Published Fri Jul 13, 2007 John Veysey and Nigel Goldenfeld 2007-07-13T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.883 Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 883 text/html article Reviews of Modern Physics 79 3 2007-07-13T00:00:00-04:00 883