The competition between two ecologically similar species that use the same resources and differ from each other only in the type of spatial motion they undergo is studied. The latter is assumed to be described either by Brownian motion or Lévy flights. Competition is taken into account by assuming t...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 258101] Published Tue Jun 18, 2013

The cross section for e⁺e^-→π⁺π^-J/ψ between 3.8 and 5.5 GeV is measured with a 967  fb^-1 data sample collected by the Belle detector at or near the Υ(nS) (n=1,2,…,5) resonances. The Y(4260) state is observed, and its resonance parameters are determined. In addition, an excess of π⁺π^-J/ψ production ar...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 252002] Published Mon Jun 17, 2013

We study the process e⁺e^-→π⁺π^-J/ψ at a center-of-mass energy of 4.260 GeV using a 525  pb^-1 data sample collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The Born cross section is measured to be (62.9±1.9±3.7)  pb, consistent with the production of the Y(4260). ...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 252001] Published Mon Jun 17, 2013

We demonstrate the unambiguous entangling operation of a photonic quantum-logic gate driven by an ultrabright solid-state single-photon source. Indistinguishable single photons emitted by a single semiconductor quantum dot in a micropillar optical cavity are used as target and control qubits. For a ...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 250501] Published Mon Jun 17, 2013

We investigate the relationship between communication and search efficiency in a biological context by proposing a model of Brownian searchers with long-range pairwise interactions. After a general study of the properties of the model, we show an application to the particular case of acoustic commun...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 248106] Published Fri Jun 14, 2013

We demonstrate that the pattern forming partial differential equation derived from the auxin distribution model proposed by Meyerowitz, Traas, and others gives rise to all spiral phyllotaxis properties observed on plants. We show how the advancing pushed pattern front chooses spiral families enumera...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 248104] Published Thu Jun 13, 2013

We demonstrate 97%, 89%, and 76% transmission of sound amplitude in air through walls perforated with subwavelength holes of areal coverage fractions 0.10, 0.03, and 0.01, respectively, producing 94-, 950-, and 5700-fold intensity enhancements therein. This remarkable level of extraordinary acoustic...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 244302] Published Thu Jun 13, 2013

There is an approximately 9% discrepancy, corresponding to 2.4σ, between two independent constraints on the expansion rate of the Universe: one indirectly arising from the cosmic microwave background and baryon acoustic oscillations and one more directly obtained from local measurements of the relat...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 241305] Published Thu Jun 13, 2013

Quantum mechanics predicts that measurements of incompatible observables carry a minimum uncertainty which is independent of technical deficiencies of the measurement apparatus or incomplete knowledge of the state of the system. Nothing yet seems to prevent a single physical quantity, such as one sp...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 240402] Published Thu Jun 13, 2013

Jet reheating via nuclear collisions has recently been proposed as the main mechanism for gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission. In addition to producing the observed gamma rays, collisional heating must generate 10–100 GeV neutrinos, implying a close relation between the neutrino and gamma-ray luminositie...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 241101] Published Wed Jun 12, 2013

We use computer simulations to investigate the static properties of a simple glass-forming fluid in which the positions of a finite fraction of the particles have been frozen. By probing the equilibrium statistics of the overlap between independent configurations of the liquid, we find strong eviden...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 245702] Published Tue Jun 11, 2013

We demonstrate an organic molecule with an energy gap between its singlet and triplet excited states of almost zero (ΔE_ST∼0  eV). Such separation was realized through proper combination of an electron-donating indolocarbazole group and a diphenyltriazine electron-accepting moiety. Calculated and mea...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 247401] Published Mon Jun 10, 2013

We investigate the current noise correlations at a quantum point contact in a quantum spin Hall structure, focusing on the effect of a weak magnetic field in the presence of disorder. For the case of two equally biased terminals we discover a robust peak: the noise correlations vanish at B=0 and are...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 246601] Published Mon Jun 10, 2013

It is suggested that Goldstone bosons may be masquerading as fractional cosmic neutrinos, contributing about 0.39 to what is reported as the effective number of neutrino types in the era before recombination. The broken symmetry associated with these Goldstone bosons is further speculated to be the ...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 241301] Published Mon Jun 10, 2013

We present a model for the dynamics of fluid vesicles in linear flow which consistently includes thermal fluctuations and nonlinear coupling between different modes. At the transition between tank treading and tumbling, we predict a trembling motion which is at odds with the known deterministic moti...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 238103] Published Fri Jun 07, 2013

We propose an interferometric setting for the ancilla-assisted measurement of the characteristic function of the work distribution following a time-dependent process experienced by a quantum system. We identify how the configuration of the effective interferometer is linked to the symmetries enjoyed...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 230602] Published Fri Jun 07, 2013

We propose an experimental scheme to verify the quantum nonequilibrium fluctuation relations using current technology. Specifically, we show that the characteristic function of the work distribution for a nonequilibrium quench of a general quantum system can be extracted by Ramsey interferometry of ...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 230601] Published Fri Jun 07, 2013

We show that supersymmetry can provide a versatile platform in synthesizing a new class of optical structures with desired properties and functionalities. By exploiting the intimate relationship between superpatners, one can systematically construct index potentials capable of exhibiting the same sc...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 233902] Published Thu Jun 06, 2013

Solving linear systems of equations is ubiquitous in all areas of science and engineering. With rapidly growing data sets, such a task can be intractable for classical computers, as the best known classical algorithms require a time proportional to the number of variables N. A recently proposed quan...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 230501] Published Thu Jun 06, 2013

Under mesoscopic conditions, the transport potential on a thin film carrying a current is theoretically expected to bear spatial variation due to quantum interference. Scanning tunneling potentiometry is the ideal tool to investigate such variation, by virtue of its high spatial resolution. We repor...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 236802] Published Tue Jun 04, 2013

We study a system of spinless fermions in two dimensions with a short-range interaction fine-tuned to a p-wave resonance. We show that three such fermions form an infinite tower of bound states of orbital angular momentum ℓ=±1 and their binding energies obey a universal doubly exponential scaling E₃^...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 235301] Published Tue Jun 04, 2013

Models where the baryon (B) and lepton (L) numbers are local gauge symmetries that are spontaneously broken at a low scale are revisited. We find new extensions of the standard model which predict the existence of fermions that carry both baryon and lepton numbers (i.e., leptoquarks). The local bary...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 231801] Published Tue Jun 04, 2013

We report on the realization of a double-barrier resonant tunneling diode for cavity polaritons, by lateral patterning of a one-dimensional cavity. Sharp transmission resonances are demonstrated when sending a polariton flow onto the device. We show that a nonresonant beam can be used as an optical ...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 236601] Published Mon Jun 03, 2013

The flagellated protozoan Salpingoeca rosetta is one of the closest relatives of multicellular animals. Unicellular S. rosetta can be induced to form multicellular colonies, but colonies swim more slowly than individual cells so the advantages conferred by colony formation are uncertain. Here we use...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 228104] Published Fri May 31, 2013

A single neutral atom is trapped in a three-dimensional optical lattice at the center of a high-finesse optical resonator. Using fluorescence imaging and a shiftable standing-wave trap, the atom is deterministically loaded into the maximum of the intracavity field where the atom-cavity coupling is s...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 223003] Published Thu May 30, 2013

Using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0  fb^-1 and collected by LHCb in 2011 at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, we report the measurement of direct CP violation in B_s⁰→K^-π⁺ decays, A_CP(B_s⁰→K^-π⁺)=0.27±0.04 (stat)±0.01 (syst), with significance exceeding 5 standard de...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 221601] Published Thu May 30, 2013

Galactic nuclei are expected to be densely populated with stellar- and intermediate-mass black holes. Exploring this population will have important consequences for the observation prospects of gravitational waves as well as understanding galactic evolution. The gas cloud G2 currently approaching Sg...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 221102] Published Thu May 30, 2013

Exploration and trapping properties of random walkers that may evanesce at any time as they walk have seen very little treatment in the literature, and yet a finite lifetime is a frequent occurrence, and its effects on a number of random walk properties may be profound. For instance, whereas the ave...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 220603] Published Thu May 30, 2013

Human collective behavior can vary from calm to panicked depending on social context. Using videos publicly available online, we study the highly energized collective motion of attendees at heavy metal concerts. We find these extreme social gatherings generate similarly extreme behaviors: a disorder...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 228701] Published Wed May 29, 2013

Self-sustained turbulent structures have been observed in a wide range of living fluids, yet no quantitative theory exists to explain their properties. We report experiments on active turbulence in highly concentrated 3D suspensions of Bacillus subtilis and compare them with a minimal fourth-order v...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 228102] Published Tue May 28, 2013