http://prd.aps.org/ Recent articles in Physical Review D en-us Copyright (c) 2008 The American Physical Society 2008-05-14T14:15:27-04:00 assocpub@aps.org rss@aps.org hourly 4 2008-05-14T14:15:27-04:00 rss@aps.org http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107702 Author(s): H. Arodź and J. Lis<br/>We discuss Q-balls in the complex signum-Gordon model in d-dimensional space for d=1, 2, 3. The Q-balls have strictly finite size. Their total energy is a powerlike function of the conserved U(1) charge with the exponent equal to (d+2)(d+3)^{-1} . In the cases d=1 and d=3 explicit analytic solutions...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 107702] Published Wed May 14, 2008 H. Arodź and J. Lis 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107702 Phys. Rev. D 77, 107702 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 107702 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107302 Author(s): John D. Barrow and Christos G. Tsagas<br/>Magnetic fields in Friedmann universes can experience superadiabatic growth without departing from conventional electromagnetism. The reason is the relativistic coupling between vector fields and spacetime geometry, which slows down the decay of large-scale magnetic fields in open universes, compare...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 107302] Published Wed May 14, 2008 John D. Barrow and Christos G. Tsagas 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107302 Phys. Rev. D 77, 107302 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 107302 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105013 Author(s): M. Bordag and V. Skalozub<br/>We calculate the polarization tensor of charged gluons in a Abelian homogeneous magnetic background field at a finite temperature in one-loop order in Lorentz background field gauge in full generality. Thereby, we first determine the ten independent tensor structures. For the calculation of the corr...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 105013] Published Wed May 14, 2008 M. Bordag and V. Skalozub 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105013 Phys. Rev. D 77, 105013 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 105013 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105012 Author(s): D. Bettinelli, R. Ferrari, and A. Quadri<br/>In this paper, we evaluate the self-energy of the vector mesons at one loop in our recently proposed subtraction scheme for the massive nonlinearly realized SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. We check the fulfillment of physical unitarity. The resulting self-mass can be compared with the value obtained in the...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 105012] Published Wed May 14, 2008 D. Bettinelli, R. Ferrari, and A. Quadri 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105012 Phys. Rev. D 77, 105012 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 105012 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104017 Author(s): P. Ajith, S. Babak, Y. Chen, M. Hewitson, B. Krishnan, A. M. Sintes, J. T. Whelan, B. Brügmann, P. Diener, N. Dorband, J. Gonzalez, M. Hannam, S. Husa, D. Pollney, L. Rezzolla, L. Santamaría, U. Sperhake, and J. Thornburg<br/>Gravitational waveforms from the inspiral and ring-down stages of the binary black-hole coalescences can be modeled accurately by approximation/perturbation techniques in general relativity. Recent progress in numerical relativity has enabled us to model also the nonperturbative merger phase of the ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 104017] Published Wed May 14, 2008 P. Ajith, S. Babak, Y. Chen, M. Hewitson, B. Krishnan, A. M. Sintes, J. T. Whelan, B. Brügmann, P. Diener, N. Dorband, J. Gonzalez, M. Hannam, S. Husa, D. Pollney, L. Rezzolla, L. Santamaría, U. Sperhake, and J. Thornburg 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104017 Phys. Rev. D 77, 104017 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 104017 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104016 Author(s): S. Wang, Y. Zhang, T. Y. Xia, and H. X. Miao<br/>As predicted by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), at around T∼190  MeV in the early Universe, the QCD transition occurs during which the quarks are combined into the massive hadrons. This process reduces the effective relativistic degree of freedom and causes a change in the expansion behavior of ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 104016] Published Wed May 14, 2008 S. Wang, Y. Zhang, T. Y. Xia, and H. X. Miao 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104016 Phys. Rev. D 77, 104016 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 104016 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104015 Author(s): Claudio Dappiaggi, Klaus Fredenhagen, and Nicola Pinamonti<br/>In the mathematically rigorous analysis of semiclassical Einstein equations, the renormalization of the stress-energy tensor plays a crucial role. We address such a topic in the case of a scalar field with both arbitrary mass and coupling with gravity in the hypothesis that the underlying algebraic ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 104015] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Claudio Dappiaggi, Klaus Fredenhagen, and Nicola Pinamonti 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104015 Phys. Rev. D 77, 104015 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 104015 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103512 Author(s): Jacob D. Bekenstein and Eva Sagi<br/>In the scalar-tensor gravitational theories Newton’s constant G_{N} evolves in the expanding universe. Likewise, it has been speculated that the acceleration scale a_{0} in Milgrom’s modified Newtonian dynamics is tied to the scale of the cosmos, and must thus evolve. With the advent of relativi...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 103512] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Jacob D. Bekenstein and Eva Sagi 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103512 Phys. Rev. D 77, 103512 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 103512 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103511 Author(s): Yan Gong and Xuelei Chen<br/>Cold dark matter may be in a metastable state and decays to other particles with a very long lifetime. If the decaying products of the dark matter are weakly interacting, e.g., neutrinos, then it would have little impact on astrophysical processes and is therefore difficult to observe. However, such...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 103511] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Yan Gong and Xuelei Chen 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103511 Phys. Rev. D 77, 103511 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 103511 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103510 Author(s): Stefano Profumo<br/>We investigate a scenario where the recently discovered nonthermal hard x-ray emission from the Ophiuchus cluster originates from inverse Compton scattering of energetic electrons and positrons produced in weakly interacting dark matter pair annihilations. We show that this scenario can account for ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 103510] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Stefano Profumo 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103510 Phys. Rev. D 77, 103510 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 103510 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103003 Author(s): Valeria Pettorino and Carlo Baccigalupi<br/>The case of a coupling between dark energy and matter [coupled quintessence (CQ)] or gravity [extended quintessence (EQ)] has recently attracted a deep interest and has been widely investigated both in the Einstein and in the Jordan frames (EF, JF), within scalar-tensor theories. Focusing on the sim...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 103003] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Valeria Pettorino and Carlo Baccigalupi 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103003 Phys. Rev. D 77, 103003 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 103003 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.096006 Author(s): Tomáš Brauner<br/>We study the relativistic BCS-BEC crossover within a class of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type models, including arbitrary Lorentz-scalar pairing channels. Using the mean-field approximation we investigate spectral properties of the collective bosonic excitations in the superfluid phase, with particular atte...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 096006] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Tomáš Brauner 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.096006 Phys. Rev. D 77, 096006 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 096006 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.095011 Author(s): Shaouly Bar-Shalom and Arvind Rajaraman<br/>We consider models of maximal flavor violation, in which a new scalar mediates large q_{3} ↔q_{1} or q_{3} ↔q_{2} flavor-changing transitions (q_{i} is an i’th generation quark), while q_{3} ↔q_{3} transitions are suppressed, e.g., ξ_{31} , ξ_{13} ∼V_{tb} and ξ_{33} ∼V_{td} , where ξ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 095011] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Shaouly Bar-Shalom and Arvind Rajaraman 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.095011 Phys. Rev. D 77, 095011 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 095011 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.095010 Author(s): Toru Goto, Yasuhiro Okada, Tetsuo Shindou, and Minoru Tanaka<br/>Quark and lepton flavor signals are studied in four supersymmetric models, namely, the minimal supergravity model, the minimal supersymmetric standard model with right-handed neutrinos, SU(5) supersymmetric grand unified theory with right-handed neutrinos, and the minimal supersymmetric standard mod...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 095010] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Toru Goto, Yasuhiro Okada, Tetsuo Shindou, and Minoru Tanaka 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.095010 Phys. Rev. D 77, 095010 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 095010 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.095009 Author(s): Mayumi Aoki and Shinya Kanemura<br/>We study bounds on Higgs-boson masses from perturbative unitarity in the Georgi-Machacek model, whose Higgs sector is composed of a scalar isospin doublet and a real and a complex isospin triplet field. This model can be compatible with the electroweak precision data without fine-tuning because of t...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 095009] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Mayumi Aoki and Shinya Kanemura 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.095009 Phys. Rev. D 77, 095009 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 095009 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.094504 Author(s): Simon Catterall and Anosh Joseph<br/>We derive lattice actions for Yang-Mills quantum mechanics for models with Q=4, 8 and 16 supercharges which possess an exact supersymmetry at nonzero lattice spacing. These are obtained by dimensional reduction of twisted versions of the corresponding super Yang-Mills theories in D=2, 3 and 4 dime...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 094504] Published Wed May 14, 2008 Simon Catterall and Anosh Joseph 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.094504 Phys. Rev. D 77, 094504 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-14T00:00:00-04:00 094504 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.106005 Author(s): Emilio Elizalde, Shin’ichi Nojiri, Sergei D. Odintsov, Diego Sáez-Gómez, and Valerio Faraoni<br/>We consider the reconstruction technique in theories with a single or multiple (phantom and/or canonical) scalar fields. With the help of several examples, it is demonstrated explicitly that the universe expansion history, unifying early-time inflation and late-time acceleration, can be realized in ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 106005] Published Tue May 13, 2008 Emilio Elizalde, Shin’ichi Nojiri, Sergei D. Odintsov, Diego Sáez-Gómez, and Valerio Faraoni 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.106005 Phys. Rev. D 77, 106005 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 106005 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103509 Author(s): Marc Kamionkowski and Savvas M. Koushiappas<br/>We study the effects of substructure in the Galactic halo on direct detection of dark matter, on searches for energetic neutrinos from weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) annihilation in the Sun and Earth, and on the enhancement in the WIMP annihilation rate in the halo. Our central result i...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 103509] Published Tue May 13, 2008 Marc Kamionkowski and Savvas M. Koushiappas 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103509 Phys. Rev. D 77, 103509 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 103509 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.094008 Author(s): Ambar Jain, Ignazio Scimemi, and Iain W. Stewart<br/>We compute the two-loop heavy-quark jet function in the heavy-quark limit. This is one of the key ingredients in next-to-next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading-log order computations of the invariant mass distribution of top-jets at a future e^{+} e^{-} collider. The shape of the top-inva...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 094008] Published Tue May 13, 2008 Ambar Jain, Ignazio Scimemi, and Iain W. Stewart 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.094008 Phys. Rev. D 77, 094008 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 094008 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.091103 Author(s): H. Sahoo et al. Belle Collaboration<br/>We report improved measurements of time-dependent CP violation parameters for B^{0} (B [over ¯] ^{0} )→ψ(2S)K_{S}^{0} . This analysis is based on a data sample of 657×10^{6} BB [over ¯] pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e^{+} e^{-} co...<br/><img src="http://prola.aps.org/graphics/rapid30x30.gif" width="30" height="30" alt="Rapid Communication"/><br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 091103] Published Tue May 13, 2008 H. Sahoo et al. Belle Collaboration 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.091103 Phys. Rev. D 77, 091103 text/html article Physical Review D 77 9 2008-05-13T00:00:00-04:00 091103 D1 D1 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107701 Author(s): Yves Brihaye, Jürgen Burzlaff, and D. H. Tchrakian<br/>We consider a variant of the Georgi-Glashow model in the Bogomol’nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield limit, augmented by a higher derivative Skyrme-like term, which is the simplest Yang-Mills-Higgs model that can support monopole bound states. The spherically symmetric solutions are studied with a combination ...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 107701] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Yves Brihaye, Jürgen Burzlaff, and D. H. Tchrakian 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107701 Phys. Rev. D 77, 107701 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 107701 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107502 Author(s): O. I. Chashchina and Z. K. Silagadze<br/>We show that the main result of the recent paper by G. S. Adkins and J. McDonnell, Phys. Rev. D 75, 082001 (2007), the formula for the precession of Keplerian orbits induced by central-force perturbations, can be obtained very simply by the use of Hamilton’s vector.<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 107502] Published Mon May 12, 2008 O. I. Chashchina and Z. K. Silagadze 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.107502 Phys. Rev. D 77, 107502 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 107502 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.106004 Author(s): Anirban Basu<br/>We propose a manifestly U-duality invariant modular form for the D^{6} R^{4} interaction in the effective action of type IIB string theory compactified on T^{2} . It receives perturbative contributions up to genus three, as well as nonperturbative contributions from D-instantons and (p,q) string in...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 106004] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Anirban Basu 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.106004 Phys. Rev. D 77, 106004 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 106004 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.106003 Author(s): Anirban Basu<br/>We propose a manifestly U-duality invariant modular form for the D^{4} R^{4} interaction in type IIB string theory compactified on T^{2} . It receives perturbative contributions up to two loops, and nonperturbative contributions from D-instantons and (p,q) string instantons wrapping T^{2} . We prov...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 106003] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Anirban Basu 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.106003 Phys. Rev. D 77, 106003 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 106003 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105011 Author(s): Giampiero Esposito, George M. Napolitano, and Luigi Rosa<br/>Recent work in the literature had evaluated the energy-momentum tensor of a Casimir apparatus in a weak gravitational field, for an electromagnetic field subject to perfect conductor boundary conditions on parallel plates. The Casimir apparatus was then predicted to experience a tiny push in the upw...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 105011] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Giampiero Esposito, George M. Napolitano, and Luigi Rosa 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105011 Phys. Rev. D 77, 105011 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 105011 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105010 Author(s): T. R. Govindarajan, Kumar S. Gupta, E. Harikumar, S. Meljanac, and D. Meljanac<br/>We consider the issue of statistics for identical particles or fields in κ-deformed spaces, where the system admits a symmetry group G. We obtain the twisted flip operator compatible with the action of the symmetry group, which is relevant for describing particle statistics in the presence of the n...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 105010] Published Mon May 12, 2008 T. R. Govindarajan, Kumar S. Gupta, E. Harikumar, S. Meljanac, and D. Meljanac 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105010 Phys. Rev. D 77, 105010 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 105010 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105009 Author(s): Adi Armoni, Dan Israël, Gregory Moraitis, and Vasilis Niarchos<br/>We propose an electric-magnetic duality and conjecture an exact conformal window for a class of nonsupersymmetric U(N_{c} ) gauge theories with fermions in the (anti)symmetric representation of the gauge group and N_{f} additional scalar and fermion flavors. The duality exchanges N_{c} →N_{f} -N_{...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 105009] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Adi Armoni, Dan Israël, Gregory Moraitis, and Vasilis Niarchos 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.105009 Phys. Rev. D 77, 105009 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 105009 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104014 Author(s): C. Barrabès and P A. Hogan<br/>If a homogeneous plane lightlike shell collides head on with a homogeneous plane electromagnetic shock wave having a step-function profile then no backscattered gravitational waves are produced. We demonstrate, by explicit calculation, that if the matter is accompanied by a homogeneous plane electro...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 104014] Published Mon May 12, 2008 C. Barrabès and P A. Hogan 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104014 Phys. Rev. D 77, 104014 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 104014 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104013 Author(s): Rodrigo Aros<br/>In this article it is shown that the thermodynamical evolution of a Schwarzschild de Sitter space is the evaporation of its black hole. The result is extended in higher dimensions to Lovelock theories of gravity with a single positive cosmological constant.<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 104013] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Rodrigo Aros 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104013 Phys. Rev. D 77, 104013 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 104013 D15 D15 http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104012 Author(s): Florian Girelli and David Poulin<br/>In the context of constrained quantum mechanics, reference systems are used to construct relational observables that are invariant under the action of the symmetry group. Upon measurement of a relational observable, the reference system undergoes an unavoidable measurement “back-action” that mod...<br/>[Phys. Rev. D 77, 104012] Published Mon May 12, 2008 Florian Girelli and David Poulin 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 Personal use only, all commercial or other reuse prohibited 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104012 Phys. Rev. D 77, 104012 text/html article Physical Review D 77 10 2008-05-12T00:00:00-04:00 104012 D15 D15