The numerical simulations of binary neutron star mergers is an important, but computationally expensive endeavor. The authors demonstrate that significant computational savings can be realized by adopting a hybrid approach to these simulations by using a fully dynamical spacetime solver initially, but switching to a conformally-flat spacetime solver as the system evolves.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 064061] Published Thu Mar 21, 2024
]]>The authors study spectral and Krylov complexity in quantum billiard systems at finite temperature. They show that spectral complexity may be used to probe the transition between the chaotic and integrable configurations for the billiard systems. For Krylov complexity, they study the associated Lanczos coefficients showing that their growth rate satisfies the conjectured generalized chaos bound, and that they produce an exponential growth of the Krylov complexity at early times.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 046017] Published Tue Feb 27, 2024
]]>The authors use data from the LHCb collaboration for the helicity amplitudes in the –> decays to compute the entanglement among the polarizations of the final vector mesons. They show explicitly that the Bell inequality is violated, in accord with the general principles of quantum mechanics.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, L031104] Published Fri Feb 23, 2024
]]>The authors construct an analytic model of the line-intensity mapping (LIM) probability density field to include sources extended in angle and frequency, thus contributing to more than one observational resolution element. Preliminary simulation-based testing shows promise, encouraging further LIM development.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 043517] Published Wed Feb 14, 2024
]]>The authors compute the axial and pseudoscalar nucleon form factors for 2+1+1 flavors, light, strange, and charm, with physical quark masses in lattice QCD with a controlled continuum extrapolation. The results are compared with other lattice determinations, finding good agreement, and with experimental extractions, showing some tensions.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 034503] Published Mon Feb 05, 2024
]]>A crucial ingredient in accurate simulations of neutron star-neutron star and neutron star-black hole mergers is the inclusion of neutrino transport and its effects on the physics and astrophysics of these phenomena. The authors implement a neutrino radiative transport scheme in their general relativistic hydrodynamics code, BAM, do more accurately simulate these mergers and map the effects of neutrino transport on the ejecta from neutron star-neutron star mergers.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 044012] Published Mon Feb 05, 2024
]]>Black-hole forming collapse of massive stars are studied using general relativistic viscous radiation hydrodynamics with axial symmetry. The authors uncover a rich set of phenomena: a supernova-like explosion mechanism driven by viscous and shock heating resulting in the expulsion of a significant fraction of the energy, rapidly spinning black hole formation, and the generation of highly energetic jets and associated gamma-ray bursts.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 023031] Published Wed Jan 31, 2024
]]>The first lattice QCD computation of πΣ-K̅ N scattering amplitudes supports the two-pole nature of the puzzling Λ(1405) resonance.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 014511] Published Tue Jan 30, 2024
]]>Crystalline materials in gravitational wave detectors as substrates and mirror coatings could provide many advantages. The authors carry out a theoretical study to quantify how birefringence and its fluctuations can limit the sensitivity of GW detectors and show ways to mitigate these effects through the orientation of the beam polarization and the crystalline material.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 022009] Published Mon Jan 29, 2024
]]>The equation of state for nuclear matter is essential to understanding neutron stars. Using strict QCD inequalities and input from numerical simulations on the lattice, the authors derive useful bounds on the baryon and energy densities, which are relevant to isospin symmetric matter at densities probed by heavy ion collisions.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 014020] Published Fri Jan 19, 2024
]]>One of the most important applications of lattice gauge theory is the computation of transport coefficients at nonzero temperature. The authors compute moments of the photon emissivity with respect to the imaginary frequency, and find promising results.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 014507] Published Thu Jan 18, 2024
]]>The paper examines theoretically the possibility that neutrinos in supernova cores act as a self-coupled fluid. It follows systematically from first principles the fluid’s diffusive transport through the core to the surface, and its expansion into space.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 023017] Published Thu Jan 11, 2024
]]>The authors discuss how in QCD, processes which describe how final state hadrons arise from a parton in hard scattering are sensitive to the Wilson line necessary for gauge invariance. This affects some sum rules, notably that for charge conservation.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 016006] Published Fri Jan 05, 2024
]]>GWTC-2.1 is a catalog of gravitational wave events from compact binary coalescences from the first half of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. It improves on GWTC-2, which covered the same period but with less refined analysis methods. GWTC-2.1 identifies 8 new events, all identified as sourced by binary black holes with one exception identified as a neutron star-black hole coalescence. These events expand significantly on the parameters characterizing the sources of observed gravitational-wave transients.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 022001] Published Fri Jan 05, 2024
]]>Motivated by cosmological Hartle-Hawking and microcanonical density matrix prescriptions for the quantum state of the Universe, the authors develop a Schwinger-Keldysh in-in formalism for generic non-equilibrium systems with an initial density matrix. For generic density matrices of the Gaussian type, they develop the generating functionals of the in-in Green’s functions and discuss how “particle interpretation” relates to the density matrix parameters.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 025004] Published Fri Jan 05, 2024
]]>The authors study how phase transitions in ultracold atomic gases mimic relativistic vacuum decay, improving on previous analyses by incorporating the effects of quantum fluctuations over and above the classical equations of motion. This is designed to test early Universe physics via tabletop experiments.
[Phys. Rev. D 109, 023506] Published Thu Jan 04, 2024
]]>Understanding the phase space distribution of charge particles around compact object especially black holes are a central question in understanding the physics of collisionless accretion around these objects. Here, the authors compute this distribution by doing a clever Monte Carlo sampling of particles far away from the black hole and computing how they evolve. This can potentially lead to the development of steady state solutions that can augment time-dependent solutions that are computed using particle-in-cell simulations.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 124057] Published Wed Dec 20, 2023
]]>Gravitational wave tests of general relativity (GR) can suffer from implicit population level biases that need to be addressed in order to accurately infer departures from GR. The authors show how modeling the astrophysical population simultaneously with the deviation from GR provides more trustworthy tests of GR.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 124060] Published Wed Dec 20, 2023
]]>The authors compute the dynamical friction due to a scalar cloud on a moving, non-rotating black hole, offering for the first time a detailed comparison of analytical and numerical results, thereby putting both on firmer ground.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, L121502] Published Thu Dec 14, 2023
]]>This work presents the first gravitational lensing measurements with the 3G camera on the South Pole Telescope (SPT). Notably, it places constraints on key cosmological parameters consistent with those from SPT-SZ, SPTpol, ACT, and Planck.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 122005] Published Tue Dec 12, 2023
]]>A new analysis of the distribution of matter in the Universe continues to find a discrepancy in the clumpiness of dark matter in the late and early Universe, suggesting a fundamental error in the standard cosmological model.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 123517] Published Mon Dec 11, 2023
]]>A new analysis of the distribution of matter in the Universe continues to find a discrepancy in the clumpiness of dark matter in the late and early Universe, suggesting a fundamental error in the standard cosmological model.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 123518] Published Mon Dec 11, 2023
]]>A new analysis of the distribution of matter in the Universe continues to find a discrepancy in the clumpiness of dark matter in the late and early Universe, suggesting a fundamental error in the standard cosmological model.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 123519] Published Mon Dec 11, 2023
]]>A new analysis of the distribution of matter in the Universe continues to find a discrepancy in the clumpiness of dark matter in the late and early Universe, suggesting a fundamental error in the standard cosmological model.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 123520] Published Mon Dec 11, 2023
]]>A new analysis of the distribution of matter in the Universe continues to find a discrepancy in the clumpiness of dark matter in the late and early Universe, suggesting a fundamental error in the standard cosmological model.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 123521] Published Mon Dec 11, 2023
]]>The authors employ a frequentist profile likelihood analysis, and confirm that Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structure parameters are sensitive to the choice of priors in Bayesian analyses. They conclude that better data will be needed to constrain key cosmological parameters such as σ₈ .
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 123514] Published Fri Dec 08, 2023
]]>Researchers predict a large “” violation for the decay of a baryon that contains a bottom quark, a finding that has implications for how physicists understand the Universe.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, L111901] Published Thu Dec 07, 2023
]]>The authors provide a comprehensive study of the role of boundary conditions in the presence of generalized non-invertible symmetries, beginning with the question of when boundary conditions are symmetric under those symmetries. They find different categories of symmetric boundary conditions (which would be identical under normal symmetries) and discuss their relation to ’t Hooft anomalies, gauging, and RG flows.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 125005] Published Mon Dec 04, 2023
]]>The authors study the full α′ (higher derivative) corrections for a two-dimensional (non-critical) string theory and the associated black hole solutions. The exact form of these corrections is not known or analytically computable but the authors use an extremely skilled representation to parametrize all T-dually invariant higher derivative corrections. They find standard black holes with singularities as well as regular, nonsingular black hole solutions with a horizon. The latter do not seem to lie in the string theory set of this theory space.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 126006] Published Mon Dec 04, 2023
]]>This paper reports on the search for ultralight dark matter in the form of axions and dark photons using an innovative experimental design in which the earth serves as a transducer converting ultralight dark matter into a characteristic magnetic field signal. The magnetometers used to detect the expected magnetic field patterns are placed in areas in which magnetic noise sources, such as anthropogenic ones, are minimal. Although no conclusive detection is reported, limits are set for models in various parameter ranges and the prospects for refining the detection methodology are presented.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 096026] Published Mon Nov 27, 2023
]]>The authors study transitions of particular string compactifications (heterotic theories with supersymmetry in four dimensions) that change the topology and other nonpertubative properties of the internal manifold. This is part of trying to understand the string landscape, here the moduli space of heterotic compactifications, and string effective field theories. The authors provide geometric analyses, which are an important foundations for the physical understanding of these transitions.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 106018] Published Wed Nov 22, 2023
]]>The authors use numerical lattice simulations to study bubble nucleation in cosmological phase transitions. The terminal bubble velocity is an important parameter for the primordial gravitational wave spectrum as well as for electroweak (EW) baryogenesis. They are able to study an extreme parameter space that is the most promising for these phenomena. However, they find a hydrodynamical obstruction that creates a velocity gap that excludes the most promising models for EW baryogenesis, making it improbable to contribute to the solution of the baryon asymmetry problem.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 103523] Published Fri Nov 17, 2023
]]>Although only one percent or so of the sun’s luminosity comes from the Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen (CNO) reaction cycle, the Borexino Collaboration has managed to discriminate neutrinos arising from this process from the dominant pp cycle. In this new study, the collaboration uses a recently developed technique called the “correlated integrated directionality” (CID) method. This is an efficient way to separate solar neutrinos from background sources and further refine the detection of CNO cycle neutrinos through spectral analysis.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 102005] Published Tue Nov 14, 2023
]]>The authors present a “ray-tracing” framework to compute radio emission associated with axion-photon conversion in the vicinity of magnetars. They show that future radio telescopes should be able to explore QCD axion parameter space, independently from a magnetar’s astrophysical model.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 103021] Published Mon Nov 13, 2023
]]>A longstanding goal in collider analysis has been to assign flavor consistently to jets of final state particles which can then be associated with the initial partons coming from hard scattering processes. This paper presents “Interleaved Flavor Neutralization” to define jets with infrared- and collinear-safe (IRC safe) flavor and clustering properties similar to successful kinematic jet definitions. The authors carry out detailed checks to show the algorithm is IRC safe to at least sixth order in the strong coupling constant.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 094010] Published Mon Nov 06, 2023
]]>The authors employ a novel power-spectrum estimator to measure galaxy intrinsic alignments from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. They showcase the method’s usefulness, constraining the level of non-gaussianities in primordial cosmological structure perturbations.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 083533] Published Tue Oct 31, 2023
]]>Rapid extraction of parameters to characterize sources of gravitational wave signals is vitally important to gravitational wave astronomy. This paper provides an intuitive method for extracting parameters more efficiently than existing full parameter estimation methods. Among other applications, these new methods appear to be promising ways of addressing real-time needs such as generating gravitational wave event alerts.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 082006] Published Mon Oct 23, 2023
]]>A theoretical study demonstrates that in-medium showers of high-energy gluons can be approximately treated as a sequence of individual splitting processes.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 074015] Published Thu Oct 19, 2023
]]>The authors express the inclusive hadronic decay rate of the tau lepton as an integral over the spectral density of the two-point correlator of the weak hadronic current which they compute fully nonperturbatively in lattice QCD. In a lattice QCD computation with all systematic errors except for isospin breaking effects under control, they then obtain the CKM matrix element with subpercent errors showing that their nonperturbative method can become a viable alternative to superallowed nuclear beta decays for obtaining .
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 074513] Published Thu Oct 19, 2023
]]>The authors propose a new analysis framework to account simultaneously for Galactic foregrounds and instrumental effects, in order to break the degeneracy between Cosmic Birefringence (CB) angle and Cosmic Microwave Background detector effects. They thus pave the way for Simons Observatory-like Small Aperture Telescopes to test claims for CB detection.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 082005] Published Thu Oct 19, 2023
]]>In a series of two papers, the authors explore the holographic duality between an eternal AdS black hole in the bulk and two copies of the boundary CFT in the thermal field double state. They provide an explicit construction in the boundary theory of an evolution operator for a bulk in-falling observer, thus making manifest the boundary emergence of the black hole horizons, the interiors, and the associated causal structure. They also elucidate that the emergence of the sharp bulk event horizon is related to the infinite N limit of the boundary theory.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 086019] Published Thu Oct 12, 2023
]]>In a series of two papers, the authors explore the holographic duality between an eternal AdS black hole in the bulk and two copies of the boundary CFT in the thermal field double state. They provide an explicit construction in the boundary theory of an evolution operator for a bulk in-falling observer, thus making manifest the boundary emergence of the black hole horizons, the interiors, and the associated causal structure. They also elucidate that the emergence of the sharp bulk event horizon is related to the infinite N limit of the boundary theory.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 086020] Published Thu Oct 12, 2023
]]>Recent pulsar timing array data suggest the presence of stochastic gravitational waves, implying a significant amplitude in curvature perturbations and thus a large abundance of primordial black holes (PBH). The latter is at odds with the observed constraints on the PBH abundance. The authors scrutinize in detail the standard calculation and approximations in determining the PBH abundance and point out several uncertainties, concluding that the PBH abundance is likely much smaller than what is the current consensus.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 063531] Published Thu Sep 28, 2023
]]>This paper takes into account the effect of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) gravitational lensing on the Cosmic Birefringence linear polarization rotation angle. It thus paves the way to more accurate interpretation of future-mission data that will seek signatures of Axion-like Particles.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 063525] Published Wed Sep 27, 2023
]]>A collective effort involving various theoretical frameworks results in the successful gravitational wave phasing of nonspinning compact binary systems on quasicircular orbits up to the 4.5 post-Newtonian order.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 064041] Published Thu Sep 21, 2023
]]>It was conjectured that a particular two-dimensional gravity, Jackiw–Teitelboim (JT) gravity, is dual to a single-trace one-matrix Random Matrix Model (RMM). The authors extend this duality to JT gravity minimally coupled to a free massive scalar field and a single-trace two-matrix model. They study in detail the matching of genus zero one- and two-boundary expectation values in the matrix model to the gravitational disk correlators.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 066015] Published Wed Sep 20, 2023
]]>Due to non-linearities, the two body problem in tensor-scalar theory with kinetic screening is notoriously difficult to solve. In this work, the authors present an analytical solution to this problem and validate it with numerical simulations. They demonstrate that the efficiency of the screening depends on the mass ratio of the two bodies.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 064033] Published Mon Sep 18, 2023
]]>The self-force problem in gravity is an approach to the two-body problem in which the mass ratio is extreme enough that the smaller-mass body can be usefully treated as a test particle to the lowest order in the mass ratio. In this paper, frequency domain methods, which are particularly suited for bound orbital motion, are developed in an innovative way so that they can be applied to study hyperbolic scattering in the “toy” problem of a scalar charge. Frequency domain methods as developed here may prove to be a promising approach to the full gravitational self-force problem.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 064017] Published Mon Sep 11, 2023
]]>The authors extend the International Astronomical Union (IAU) reference system to a special class of spacetimes that admit non-shearing congruences of observers which, at infinity, have zero vorticity and acceleration. As an application, they analyze several known spacetimes and show that the galaxies’ rotation curves cannot be explained through gravitomagnetic effects without the need for dark matter.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 044056] Published Thu Aug 24, 2023
]]>Explicit expressions for anomalies and associated effective actions may take many different forms. Here the authors discuss the conformal anomaly and solve in a clear and explicit manner long-standing confusions and controversies for several wildly different looking effective actions. They show how they are related by different choices of the conformal gauge, reflecting the ambiguity caused by Weyl-invariant pieces. They also discuss applications of these new results to anomaly-driven inflation and the “running” of gravitational and cosmological constants.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 045014] Published Wed Aug 23, 2023
]]>The authors provide the most accurate up to date tests of CP symmetry for neutral hyperons in the decay of .
[Phys. Rev. D 108, L031106] Published Wed Aug 23, 2023
]]>The authors study the super-sample covariance (SSC) on higher-order statistics which are becoming standard tools for cosmological inferences from the non-linear small-scale regime of the cosmic structure. To this end, they compare small box sizes of simulations with those embedded in larger simulations that include SCC modes that are cut off by the small boxes. It is observed that these finite-size effects have to be taken into account in future cosmological analyses.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 043521] Published Wed Aug 16, 2023
]]>The LHCb collaboration reports the observation of a resonant structure around 3960 MeV that could be a state.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 034012] Published Mon Aug 14, 2023
]]>The authors make a polarimetric study of a fast radio burst (FRB) from a particular source. The burst displays a considerable frequency-dependent circularly polarized component, which they analyze within a phenomenological generalized Faraday rotation framework. They find that initially linearly polarized radiation is transformed into circularly polarized radiation by a relativistic plasma located along the line of sight from the progenitor.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 043009] Published Mon Aug 14, 2023
]]>New data from observations of -meson decay again vindicate the standard model of particle physics.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 032002] Published Wed Aug 02, 2023
]]>CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has detected the signals of two new four-quark states that are unusual because of their charges and their quark compositions.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 012017] Published Thu Jul 27, 2023
]]>This paper introduces a novel, “hybrid” (optical+spectroscopic) estimator for kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (kSZ) studies. It is expected to be most useful for increasing the SZ signal when results from upcoming data surveys become available.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 023516] Published Tue Jul 18, 2023
]]>The South Pole Telescope has analyzed a trove of its CMB data, finding results that confirm the general picture of the cosmos drawn from previous space-based experiments.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 023510] Published Thu Jul 13, 2023
]]>Contour-Improved Perturbation Theory and Fixed-Order Perturbation Theory are two methods used to approach the poorly converging QCD calculations involved in extracting the strong coupling constant from tau decays. However, they give somewhat differing results. Here, the authors introduce a new measure of the distance between the FOPT Borel sum and the CIPT series which clarifies the differences, and confirms that CIPT is inconsistent with the Operator Product Expansion.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 014007] Published Tue Jul 11, 2023
]]>The shear and bulk viscosities in the Quark-Gluon Plasma are quantities of enormous interest for the collisions of heavy ions at RHIC and the LHC. Using lattices up to x in size, and applying gradient flow and blocking methods with high precision, the authors compute these viscosities at times the deconfining transition temperature in the pure glue theory. This shows that obtaining values with dynamical quarks, which can be compared directly to experiment, is feasible in the near future.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 014503] Published Tue Jul 11, 2023
]]>This highly original paper relates the (ERG) to which naturally leads to the (previously known) interpretation of the ERG as a flow that minimizes the relative entropy of a probability distribution. This provides an elegant explanation of otherwise opaque features of ERG schemes and establishes a clear and intriguing link to information theory. The intuitive picture that emerges is that the coarse-graining of the RG flow produces entropy and this entropy production determines the flow itself. All these basic relations are established nonperturbatively.
[Phys. Rev. D 108, 025003] Published Wed Jul 05, 2023
]]>Formulating a precise notion of holography between gravity in asymptotically flat spacetime and a lower-dimensional field theory remains an outstanding problem. In this paper, the authors discuss two seemingly disparate existing approaches to such a duality, namely the celestial and Carrolian holography, and show that they are connected by an integral transform.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 126027] Published Fri Jun 30, 2023
]]>The paper studies the determination of the Hubble constant from time delays for a sample of strongly lensed quasars. It focuses on the impact of peculiar velocities and examines a possible relation between the tensions for Hubble constant and CMB dipole measurements.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 123528] Published Wed Jun 21, 2023
]]>This paper represents a major step in developing LISA Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) techniques to separate the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Signal from instrumental noise, and shows how different TDI variables can be critical in this respect.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 123531] Published Wed Jun 21, 2023
]]>The authors use six splittings between bottomonium levels to nonperturbatively tune an NRQCD action on four gauge field ensembles. They then use the tuned action for the antiquarks in their study of the binding energies of exotic tetraquark states with two antiquarks, achieving a roughly 10% precision in the computed binding energies.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 114510] Published Fri Jun 16, 2023
]]>This paper demonstrates that a stochastic, rather than uniform, injection rate of MeV cosmic rays from supernovae can successfully model the observed ionization rate distribution for Galactic molecular clouds.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 123006] Published Thu Jun 08, 2023
]]>New theoretical results give a stringent test of Standard Model and second-row CKM unitarity. Precise calculations using lattice QCD yield percent-level determinations of the CKM matrix elements and from the semileptonic decays and , respectively, as well as the world’s first extraction of from the decay .
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 094516] Published Wed May 31, 2023
]]>Models of sources of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR)s usually assume that these sources, despite significant variability between them, accelerate particles to the same maximum energy. Here, the authors improve on this assumption by assigning their array of sources a broken-power-law distribution of the maximum energies. They observe that a power law distribution necessitates that the source to source variation be small.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 103045] Published Wed May 24, 2023
]]>The authors study the signature of heavy spectator fields (“cosmological collider signal”) that couple to the inflaton for the case of large-field inflation with order excursion of the inflaton. Motivated by the so-called swampland distance conjecture, they consider exponentially time-dependent masses and show that the resulting scale dependence of the bispectrum can be an informative probe for general properties of different classes of inflation.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, L101304] Published Tue May 23, 2023
]]>Neutrino fast flavor conversion (FFC) typically occurs in extremely dense neutrino environments such as those of core-collapse supernovae (CCNe). The typical distance and time scales at which FFCs take place are much smaller than those accessible to hydrodynamic simulations of CCSNe. In this paper, FFCs are schematically taken into account in spherically symmetric CCSN hydrodynamic simulations and their distinctive effects are delineated.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 103034] Published Mon May 22, 2023
]]>This study revisits bounds on axion-like particles (ALPs) derived from supernovae, where they may be generated in stellar interiors before decaying to photons. Past works have used observations from SN1987A to exclude ALP masses of 10s of MeV, due to the absence of a signal in the Gamma Ray Spectrometer aboard the Solar Maximum Mission satellite. The present paper argues that such particles would generate a fireball of plasma around the supernova, ultimately leading to a much lower energy photon signal, thus invalidating the old bounds in this scenario. However, the authors find that data from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter can be used to set similar limits.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 103029] Published Thu May 18, 2023
]]>A common way to construct 4D superconformal field theories (SCFTs) is to compactify the N 6D SCFT on a Riemann surface with a variety of punctures. One question that arises is, when are the 4D SCFTs obtained from distinct constructions isomorphic? The authors show in great detail and with a large class of examples that this happens when there exists a “parent” N 6D SCFT. However, there are also some “oddball” candidates of isomorphic theories without a six-dimensional origin.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 106005] Published Wed May 03, 2023
]]>The authors argue for the existence of a new object in string theory which they dub Reflection 7-Branes (R7-branes). The so-called cobordism conjecture, which is analogous to the conjecture that quantum gravity does not allow for global symmetries, implies that these objects are present in certain type IIB backgrounds, as the authors demonstrate. It is shown that these R7-branes are non-supersymmetric, strings can end on them, and a 3-form field lives on its worldvolume.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 086015] Published Wed Apr 26, 2023
]]>The authors study photon geodesics in the gravitational background generated by smooth horizonless topological solitons with the same large distance behaviour as neutral non-rotating black holes. They show that incoming photons experience very high redshift, inducing phenomenological horizon-like behaviors from the point of view of photon scattering. Thus, they provide a compelling case for real-world gravitational solitons and topological alternatives to black holes.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 084042] Published Tue Apr 25, 2023
]]>Using high precision numerical simulations, the authors investigate the electroweak sphaleron of the standard model in an external (hyper)magnetic field. They find that the electroweak crossover temperature decreases with increasing field strength and the sphaleron rate suppression is shifted to lower temperatures.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 073006] Published Mon Apr 24, 2023
]]>The authors analyze 12 years of Fermi-LAT data for 49 galaxy clusters to look for a γ-ray signal between 500 MeV and 1 TeV due to dark matter annihilation. Physically motivated dark mater density distribution templates and a thorough statistical approach lead to a low significance signal, unlikely to be due to dark matter processes.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 083030] Published Mon Apr 24, 2023
]]>Simultaneously detecting the gravitational-wave and neutrino signals emitted during the last second of a massive star’s life could show how such stars die.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 083017] Published Tue Apr 11, 2023
]]>The sources and acceleration mechanisms for observed ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are abiding problems still needing definitive resolution. The authors of the present study investigate the potential of starburst galaxies (SBGs) - so named for being particularly active environments for formation of new stars - to be the sources of UHECRs. Using Monte Carlo simulations of the extremely dense and turbulent environment in the most active region of SBGs, the authors show by a highly suggestive comparison to data obtained by the Pierre Auger Observatory that SBGs can be sources of UHECRs.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 083009] Published Wed Apr 05, 2023
]]>The authors use Dark Energy Survey data on galaxy clustering and lensing from the first three years of observations combined with five prominent external datasets. They robustly constrain six potential extensions to the currently prevalent cosmological paradigm of ΛCDM (Cold Dark Matter with a cosmological constant). All extensions would add significant new physics, such as deviations from General Relativity or non-zero spatial curvature, but no significant evidence for new physics is found.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 083504] Published Wed Apr 05, 2023
]]>As part of the AdS/CFT dictionary, the entanglement wedge reconstruction identifies the spacetime region in AdS that is dual to a given CFT subregion on the boundary. In this paper, the authors make an important step forward by extending the entanglement wedge reconstruction to arbitrary spacetimes, which can reveal aspects of the full quantum theory of gravity.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 086002] Published Tue Apr 04, 2023
]]>The authors present exact numerical computations leading to a general theoretical formalism of Compton and inverse Compton scattering in several key astrophysical processes, such as X- & γ-ray polarization and astrophysical jets. Their assumption of (1) anisotropic photons and electrons, and (2) no ultrarelativistic approximations, demonstrates major deviations in certain regimes compared to previous calculations.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 063026] Published Fri Mar 24, 2023
]]>The authors develop an alternative perturbative approach to gravitational clustering and the large-scale structure. This approach is complementary to the effective field theory approach while being much more predictive and providing a more detailed understanding of mechanisms like the decoupling of nonlinear small-scale modes into dark matter halos where standard perturbation theory completely fails. This is an exciting step into the future of making predictions, especially in light of upcoming Stage IV experiments.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 063539] Published Fri Mar 24, 2023
]]>The authors develop an alternative perturbative approach to gravitational clustering and the large-scale structure. This approach is complementary to the effective field theory approach while being much more predictive and providing a more detailed understanding of mechanisms like the decoupling of nonlinear small-scale modes into dark matter halos where standard perturbation theory completely fails. This is an exciting step into the future of making predictions, especially in light of upcoming Stage IV experiments.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 063540] Published Fri Mar 24, 2023
]]>The Heavy Flavor Averaging Group has released new world averages for properties of “heavy-flavor” particle decays—an update aimed at improving our understanding of flavor physics.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 052008] Published Thu Mar 23, 2023
]]>The authors study the fundamental properties of scattering amplitudes of particles in any spacetime dimension. They introduce binary geometries, giving a completely rigid geometric realization of the combinatorics of generalized associahedra attached to any Dynkin diagram. Furthermore, they define open and closed “cluster string integrals”, which provide a generalization of particle and string scattering amplitudes, and enjoy remarkable factorization properties at finite .
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 066015] Published Fri Mar 17, 2023
]]>Using a symmetry of the Kerr spacetime, the authors determine an original bilinear form for perturbations of the Weyl scalars. They show that upon choosing appropriate integration contours, this form can also be used on quasi-normal mode data. This manuscript provides a formalism for studying ringdown beyond the leading order, with potential application to numerical relativity and gravitational wave observation.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 064030] Published Mon Mar 13, 2023
]]>A space-based observatory will detect gravitational waves from so many different types of sources at once that a global approach will be needed to crunch the data.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 063004] Published Tue Mar 07, 2023
]]>The authors study the spontaneous nucleation of bubbles within metastable (gravitational) vacua, including a true stable vacuum, in the context of consistent lower-dimensional truncations of string and M-theories. They present two fully backreacted examples, without thin-wall approximation, of gravitational instantons obtained from a numerical integration of the first-order Hamilton-Jacobi equations. These solutions are domain walls connecting a supersymmetric and a non-supersymmetric AdS vacuum that show a nonperturbative instability of the non-SUSY AdS vacua.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 046020] Published Mon Feb 27, 2023
]]>The authors study the Effective Field Theory (EFT) of Inflation in the sub-horizon limit, where space-time becomes flat but Lorentz boosts are still broken. They consider the Goldstone bosons associated with the spontaneous breaking of Lorentz boosts, and derive a soft theorem for scattering amplitudes. As an application, the authors show that the Dirac-Born-Infeld Inflation is the unique theory that has an emergent Lorentz invariance when the boosts are spontaneously broken.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 043534] Published Thu Feb 23, 2023
]]>Q-ball solitons are classical solutions of field theories in which stability is not guaranteed by topological arguments. Stability is a particularly acute issue for gauged Q-balls, where ordinary methods of stability analysis fail. In this work, Michael Kinach and Matthew Choptuik use powerful numerical methods to study the nonlinear evolution of gauged Q-ball configurations under axisymmetric perturbations and reveal the existence of a rich array of stable and unstable possibilities.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 035022] Published Tue Feb 21, 2023
]]>The Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope collaboration reports observing the diffuse cosmic neutrino flux. Relying on cascade events produced predominantly by electron and tau neutrinos, they observe a significant excess of events over what is expected from the atmospheric neutrino background. The power law fit of the flux and the observation itself are consistent with and a significant independent confirmation of the landmark results of IceCube.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 042005] Published Tue Feb 21, 2023
]]>The authors develop a formalism for computing the abundance of primordial black holes (PBH) in the presence of local non-Gaussianities in the curvature perturbation field. They show that polynomial expansions will not suffice in certain limits and provide numerical methods to address this issue. They demonstrate how their technique affects both the total PBH abundances and gravitational wave expectations.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 043520] Published Thu Feb 16, 2023
]]>The Hellings-Down (HD) function describes gravitational-wave (GW) induced correlations in pulse arrival times from pulsar populations. The author presents a thorough analytical treatment of the HD variance, demonstrating how cosmological vs. pulsar effects can be separated, and how variance measurements can provide unique insight on the GW sources themselves.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 043018] Published Wed Feb 15, 2023
]]>Many searches for new physics can be parameterized by higher-dimension operators in effective field theories. In this work, the authors show a consistent translation of dimension-8 operators into triple gauge boson form factors and analyze the expected experimental reach. Incorporating the full Standard Model symmetry requires an additional term which has been neglected in earlier work, leading to significantly different results.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 035005] Published Mon Feb 06, 2023
]]>The dynamics of binaries can be significantly affected by the presence of other bodies. This manuscript considers the hierarchical three-body problem where a third body is far compared to the distance scale of the binary. The authors make significant progress in developing a two-body approximation scheme in which corrections to the dynamics can be systematically computed at long timescales in comparison to the orbital periods characterizing the problem. The power of the method is demonstrated by computing post-Newtonian and multipole corrections.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 044011] Published Mon Feb 06, 2023
]]>This forward looking work considers the technical requirements for a post-LISA gravitational wave detector in the μHz frequency regime. The novel goal is to detect changes in the separation between asteroids in the Solar System as a probe for “dark-photon dark matter.”
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 043004] Published Fri Feb 03, 2023
]]>The authors study the (stochastic background) gravitational wave signal from the gravitational collapse of fluctuations in the inflation condensate following inflation and the signal’s possible detection in current and future experiments. They manage to quantify this largely unexplored gravitational wave source in the primordial universe and show it might have present-day observable consequences, opening with this a potential window into the earliest moments after the Big Bang.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 043503] Published Thu Feb 02, 2023
]]>Using cross-correlation measurements and an updated cosmic-microwave-background lensing map, researchers determine cosmological parameters with greater precision.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 023529] Published Tue Jan 31, 2023
]]>Using cross-correlation measurements and an updated cosmic-microwave-background lensing map, researchers determine cosmological parameters with greater precision.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 023530] Published Tue Jan 31, 2023
]]>Using cross-correlation measurements and an updated cosmic-microwave-background lensing map, researchers determine cosmological parameters with greater precision.
[Phys. Rev. D 107, 023531] Published Tue Jan 31, 2023
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